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Anatherum virginicum

(L.) Spreng. (1815)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Anatherum

broomsedge, Virginia bluestem, yellow bluestem

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Cespitose perennials growing in dense tufts, yellowish at base.

Stems: Culms erect, 50–100 cm tall, branching freely from the middle and upper nodes, internodes compressed, up to 4 mm in diameter, hollow but partially pithy, glabrous.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, primarily basal. Blades up to 35 cm long, basal blades longest, 2–5 mm wide, hirsute near base and on margins of lower surface, lower surface strongly keeled. Surfaces smooth and glabrous or sparsely to densely pubescent with spreading hairs. Margins entire. Sheaths closely overlapping, strongly keeled, margins hirsute; ligule a ciliolate membrane, 0.5–0.7 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence branches several from each of the middle and upper nodes, slender and wiry, erect or ascending, each bearing several peduncles that arise in the axils of bladeless spathes, peduncles less than 10 mm long, rachis internodes 1.5–3 mm long, pedicels 3.1–5 mm long, rachis internodes and pedicels densely ciliate with silky hairs these up to 8 mm long. Sessile spikelets narrowly ovate,3.8–4.1 mm long, acute, pedicellate spikelets rudimentary or absent; first glume flattened, the 2 lateral keels scabrous-ciliate near apex, margins inflexed and covering edges of second glume, the second glume 3.5–3.6 mm long, keeled, 1–nerved; first (sterile) lemma hyaline, 3–3.5 mm long, conforming in shape to first glume, upper (fertile) lemma hyaline, narrow, 2.5–3 mm long, ciliate, apex awned, the awn 11–17 mm long, twisted near base. Stamen 1. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Caryopsis brown; ovoid; 1.9–2.4 mm long.

Ploidy: 2n = 20

Habitat: Common and often dominant along roadsides and in disturbed dry to mesic forest and shrubland; especially on ridges.

Elevation Range: 50–1,200 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Potentially naturalizing
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind
Other Animals

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 2: 16 (1815)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1497 (O, H [as Andropogon virginicus]); Hughes 1995:8 (Mo); Oppenheimer et al. 1999:9 (WM); Herbarium Pacificum Staff 1999:7 (L); Imada et al. 2000:14 (K); Starr et al. 2002:22 (Mi); Snow & Lau 2010:48 (add var. virginicus to selected K & O spms., remove Mi [re-IDed as A. glomeratus var. pumilus], remove L [re-IDed as Hyparrhenia hirta], KEY); Faccenda 2022:43 (add var. virginicus); Faccenda 2023c:138 (KEY); Vorontsova et al. 2023:13 (Syn. Andropogon virginicus = Anatherum virginicum); Faccenda & Sprague 2024:145 (L [as A. virginicus var. virginicus])

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Anatherum virginicum Mt. Olympus summit Moist trailside Preserved_Specimen Frequent along trail Faccenda, K. 2115 Oahu BISH 2021-09-11
2 Anatherum virginicum 9.8 miles down Hilina Pali Rd. towards ocean from intersection with Chain of Craters Rd. & 2.6 miles past Kipuka Nene. (Plot 3) Open Metrosideros scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 2 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 304 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-05
3 Anatherum virginicum 12.9 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. (Plot 5) Metrosideros-Diospyros mixed forest with patchy stands of Aleurites on aa lava. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 482 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-20
4 Anatherum virginicum 14.8 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. (Plot 33) Metrosideros-Diospyros-Andropogon savanna community Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 2 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 861 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-25
5 Anatherum virginicum 4.1 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. and ca. 2.1 miles up Escape Rd. (with cable across entrance). (Plot 49) Metrosideros-Sadleria-Dicanopteris forest community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 2 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 394 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-12
6 Anatherum virginicum Kapalama Valley Var. in Georgia, Florida, Carolina, Alabama, to Mississippi Preserved_Specimen Plant to 130 cm high, panicle to 75 cm long Brown, F.B.H. 1279 Oahu BISH 1925-12-14
7 Anatherum virginicum 11.9 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. (Plot 6) Metrosideros-native shrub- Andropogon savanna community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 830 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-23
8 Anatherum virginicum Ridge between Pia Valley and Kuli'ou'ou (closer to Pia valley). Along trail Dry sunny area at low elevations Preserved_Specimen Common along trail Faccenda, K. 2129 Oahu BISH 2021-10-23
9 Anatherum virginicum Opaeula. Ahupuaa of Kawailoa Growing in open spot for helicopter landing zone along ridge crest. Only 3 plants seen and were eradicated. Also growing with Axonopus fissifolius, Stachytarpheta urticifolia, Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Alyxia stellata, Odontosoria chinensis, and others. Preserved_Specimen Thomas, M.K. 754 Oahu BISH 2024-09-26
10 Anatherum virginicum S Ridge of Kipapa Gulch, Waipio, Koolau Range Recently introduced, but now a dominant grass Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 1030 Oahu BISH 1947-10-05
11 Anatherum virginicum Koloa Distr. Lihue-Koloa forest reserve; Wahiawa Mtns S. of Kapalaoa, along main Wahiawa Stream Wet forest and low shrubland with Metrosideros polymorpha, M. waialealae, Antidesma platyphylla, Psychotria spp., Scaevola spp., Dicranopteris linearis, invaded by Paspalum conjugatum, Sacciolepis, Melastoma candidum, Psidium cattleianum, and incipient Andropogon glomeratus populations. Preserved_Specimen Bunch grass, culms to 1.2 m tall, intrnodes purple, blade and sheaths grayish green. Hightly invasive exotic grass froming dense stands, new to Wahiawa area. Lorence, D.H. 8384 Kauai BISH 1998-09-08
12 Anatherum virginicum Nuuanu Valley, near upper reservoir Common on grassy earth embankment along road Preserved_Specimen Erect Fosberg, F.R. 27086 Oahu BISH 1946-09-22
13 Anatherum virginicum 28.5 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. & ca. 0.25 miles up Royal estates Rd., not far from HVPN boundry (Plot 27) Mixed lowland scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 126 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-20
14 Anatherum virginicum Lower Reservoir, off of Forest Road from Kalamaula. Mesic Eucalyptus forest. Growing throughout dry to mesic forest as a weed. Preserved_Specimen Common erect grass growing in clumps, 1.1 m high. Stems yellow, leaves basal. Inflorescence comes from middle of upper nodes and can appear to seed inside the stem. Hughes, G.D. 26 Molokai BISH 1992-02-26
15 Anatherum virginicum Waimea District. Bogs at headwaters of Waikoali Stream, West Alakai Wilderness Preserve. Kauai Ohia/ Kuolohia/ Orebolus (Metrosideros polymorhpa/ Rhynchospora chinensis subsp. spiciformis/ Oreobolus furcatus) Mixed Bog Carex montis-eeka, Rhynchospora chinensis subsp. spiciformis, Oreobolus furcatus, Metrosideros polymorpha var. pumila, Wikstroemia oahuensis var. palustris, Cibotium, Dichanthelium, Drosera anglica, A Preserved_Specimen Occasional in flat open areas, scattered through bog, with erect culms, ~ 1m tall, appearing mostly bare and dead, dried light tan, with shorter blue new leaves mixed in sprouting from base. Although the flowers and seed have fallen off, the distinctive upright habit, thin wispy culms, and leaf color seem like a good Williams, A. 813 Kauai BISH 2023-08-24
16 Anatherum virginicum Kamali 3 miles S of Pahoa Very common on broken lava in open, near steam vents. Preserved_Specimen Caespitose, very erect Fosberg, F.R. 38651 Hawaii BISH 1956-09-20
17 Anatherum virginicum 9.8 miles down Hilina Pali Rd. towards ocean from intersection with Chain of Craters Rd. & 2.6 miles past Kipuka Nene. (Plot 3) Open Metrosideros scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 305 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-05
18 Anatherum virginicum Koolau Range, Kahuku-Pupukea Army Rd Native forest Preserved_Specimen Grass by road, 4 ft. high Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1956-10-07
19 Anatherum virginicum Kalaupapa, upper Waihanau, W ridge above Kapuna springs open canopy mixed native/non-native shrubs with Andropogon virginicus, Metrosideros waialealae, Metrosideros polymorpha, Wikstroemia oahuensis, Psidium cattleianum, Dicranopteris linearis Preserved_Specimen Wysong, M.L. 849 Molokai BISH 2005-12-08
20 Anatherum virginicum North Kohala Kehena Occasional in open moist pasture Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1591 Hawaii BISH 1936-09-10
21 Anatherum virginicum Kohala Mountains Growing thickly on cliffs on the sides of valleys. Preserved_Specimen A tall grass growing in bunches with tall seed stems. Munro, G.C. Hawaii BISH 1937-02-01
22 Anatherum virginicum Keahou Ranch, Kau district, Hawaii, beside Puu Oo road Growing on lichen covered a'a substrate beside Pu'u O'o road, near Metrosideros forest with native shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass about 2 ft tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 104 Hawaii BISH 1980-01-08
23 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mts., Palikea, Mauna Kapu all along trail Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 170 Oahu BISH 1966-07-29
24 Anatherum virginicum Kapalama Valley Introduced about 20 years ago in Hawaiian Islands Preserved_Specimen Plant to 130 cm high, panicle to 75 cm long Brown, F.B.H. 1279 Oahu BISH 1925-12-14
25 Anatherum virginicum Kapalama Valley Introduced in Hawaiian Islands Preserved_Specimen Plant to 130 cm high, panicle to 75 cm long Brown, F.B.H. 1279 Oahu BISH 1925-12-14
26 Anatherum virginicum 4.1 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. and ca. 2.1 miles up Escape Rd. (with cable across entrance). (Plot 49) Metrosideros-Sadleria-Dicanopteris forest community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 3 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 383 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-12
27 Anatherum virginicum Kohala Wayside grass and open field Preserved_Specimen Height of plant 1/3 m Lee, H.A. 65 Hawaii BISH 1924-09-15
28 Anatherum virginicum Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, beside Puu oo road Growing on lichen covered `a`a substrate beside road near Metrosideros forest with native shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass about 2 feet tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 103 Hawaii BISH 1980-01-08
29 Anatherum virginicum W Maui, Lahaina District, W of Honolua Valley, N of Pua Kaeo Growing in a pasture. Exceedingly abundant. Preserved_Specimen Grass. Oppenheimer, H.L. 99804 Maui BISH 1998-09-23
30 Anatherum virginicum Site 08 OS, Olaa, Olaa Forest Reserve Ohia-treefern dieback. Primary vegetation: Metrosideros polymorpha, Coprosma spp., Ilex anomala, Gouldia sp., Cheirodendron trigynum, Psychotria hawaiiensis, Psidium cattleianum, Pritchardia sp. Soils are a deep, moderately well drained ash over an unknown substrate. Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1988-01-01
31 Anatherum virginicum Hawaii Volcanoes Natl. Park About 9 mi down Chain of Craters Rd. toward Kalapana from inter. with Crater Rim Road. Walk up Old Kalapana Trail about 0.3 mi A tree with 2 smaller sticks propped against it (landmark), is located N. of trail Metrosideros - native shrub - Andropogon transition community Preserved_Specimen Grass about 2 feet tall Newell, C.L. 583 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-24
32 Anatherum virginicum Ca.5.4 miles up Kulani Prison Rd. from intersection with Kona-Hilo Hwy. near Hilo. (Plot 36) Cibotium forest with scattered old Metrosideros. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 3 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 899 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-25
33 Anatherum virginicum Lihue Districe. Wahiawa, ridge and side drainage northeast of Hulua. Metrosideros-Dicranopteris low statured wet forest. W/Machaerina angustifolia, Gahnia beecyeyi, Cheirondendron platyphylla, Psychotria mariniana, Dubautia laxa, Broussaisia agruta, Syzgium sandwicensis, Melicope feddei, Sphenomeris chinensis, Sadleria Preserved_Specimen significant invasive grass mostly covering flats near stream, with A. glomeratus and invasive shrub Clidemia hirta. Wood, K.R. 14353 Kauai BISH 2010-10-14
34 Anatherum virginicum Kipapa. Ahupuaa of Waipio. Central Koolau Mountiains. Growing along exposed open ridge with Pritchardia kahukuensis. Also growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Miconia crenata, Dianella sandwicensis, Psidium cattleianum, Odontosoria chinensis, and others. Preserved_Specimen Thousands of plants invading erosion scar. Thomas, M.K. 886 Oahu BISH 2024-10-24
35 Anatherum virginicum Keahou Ranch, Kau district, Hawaii, growing alone Powerline trail Growing alongside Powerline trail in a'a substrate. Habitat: open Metrosideros scrub. Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass 1.5-2.0 ft tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 167 Hawaii BISH 1980-01-30
36 Anatherum virginicum Kalihi Herb. Introduced; Nat. of Florida, Georgia, Carolina, Alabama to Mississippi Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. 28 Oahu BISH 1925-11-05
37 Anatherum virginicum Lanaihale, southern part. Edge of dirt road, sunny, dry. Preserved_Specimen Common along road at higher elevations and going into moister areas. Some plants were seen with old flowers, but none were seen with fresh flowers. Hundreds of plants seen along road. Faccenda, K. 3210 Lanai BISH 2023-06-23
38 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea Volcano House Dooryard Preserved_Specimen Growing in clumps, 0.5-0.66 m. high; blades red-tinged Lee, H.A. 261 Hawaii BISH 1925-10-27
39 Anatherum virginicum Hawaii Volcanoes Natl. Park Drive up Kulani Road (toward prison) 5.4 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Hiway near Hilo. Plant was about 20 m north (left side) into the jungle. (Plot 36) Cibotium forest with scattered old Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Grass about 3 feet tall Newell, C.L. 900 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-25
40 Anatherum virginicum 4.9 miles down Hilina Pali Rd. & 3.5 miles down the Footprints Trail heading west towards Mauna Loa. Plant ca. 50 m west (below) the great fault pali. (Plot 59) Extremely sparse desert community of shifting sand dunes. Plant in area with old pahoehoe lava covered by shifting black ash. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 6 tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 741 Hawaii BISH 1966-09-02
41 Anatherum virginicum Kiolakaa-Keaa Homesteads Addition, Kau Forest Reserve, Kau District Common grass in open Metrosideros forest with Dicranopteris linearis ground cover. Preserved_Specimen Common grass 4.5-5.0 ft tall. Hairs of inflorescence white. Cuddihy, L.W. 519 Hawaii BISH 1980-08-13
42 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mountains, Peacock flat Growing along roadside in dry forest area Preserved_Specimen Clumby perenial grass to 0.3 meters. Leaves to 20 cm long w/long hairs along inner surface. Flowering heads white. Spence, G. 210 Oahu BISH 1973-09-06
43 Anatherum virginicum Hawaii Volcanoes Natl. Park Down Kona-Hilo Hiway 4 miles past Hongo Store towards Hilo. Turn right onto Fern Estates Rd. Plant was about 200 m down Fern Estates Rd., on right side (plot 55) Metrosideros - Dicranopteris - Andropogon scrub forest community Preserved_Specimen Grass about 3 feet tall Newell, C.L. 673 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-31
44 Anatherum virginicum ahupuaa of Halepuaa Forest Reserve in the Puna District Found growing on the side of the old railroad in full sun. Preserved_Specimen ESP Field Crew Hawaii BISH 1979-08-15
45 Anatherum virginicum KAUAI Hanalei District. Princeville side of Powerline Trail near pole #T149, Halelea Forest Reserve, Kaiau on Powerline road in Wet Ohia Forest Nephrolepis brownii, Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus, Paspalum conjugatum, Xyris complanata, Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha var. glaberrima, Pritchrdia waialealae Preserved_Specimen Slender grasses up to 1.5 m tall, with small few-flowered inflorescenses at noces along red culms. Growing sympatrically with much larger A. A. bicornis (AMW765) on Powerline road, but A. virginicus persisting along narrow footpath that winds through thicket of A. bicornis dominating former roadway Williams, A.M. 764 Kauai BISH 2022-10-21
46 Anatherum virginicum Tantalus, trail side Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1945-09-01
47 Anatherum virginicum Holei Pali Near old Kalapana Trail above Holei Pali Preserved_Specimen Smith, C.W. 0.159 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-03
48 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea Volcano Floor of crater near Halemaumau Preserved_Specimen Small clump, very erect Fosberg, F.R. 39312 Hawaii BISH 1958-01-06
49 Anatherum virginicum Kipapa Gulch Trail Just above parking area Open field Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. 72 Oahu BISH 1946-09-29
50 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea Volcano Floor of crater near Halemaumau Preserved_Specimen Small clump, very erect Fosberg, F.R. 39312 Hawaii BISH 1958-01-06
51 Anatherum virginicum Holei Pali Near old Kalapana Trail above Holei Pali Preserved_Specimen Smith, C.W. 0.161 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-03
52 Anatherum virginicum Maunawili Preserved_Specimen 4' tall. Tam, G. Oahu BISH 1995-09-28
53 Anatherum virginicum Trail thru Halawa Quarry to Divide Preserved_Specimen Grass Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1945-09-09
54 Anatherum virginicum Ditch trail back of Waimano Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4427 Oahu BISH 1936-08-20
55 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea, NE Ledge Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 611226045 Hawaii BISH 1961-12-26
56 Anatherum virginicum Kuli'ou'ou West Ridge, along trail Dry areas, full sun Preserved_Specimen Dominant along trail Faccenda, K. 2125 Oahu BISH 2021-10-02
57 Anatherum virginicum Honolulu, Back of Kamehameha Girls School Preserved_Specimen Robert lyman Oahu BISH 1938-09-02
58 Anatherum virginicum Honolulu; Manoa Arboretum, Carter Road Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. Oahu BISH 1932-09-28
59 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mountains: Kaluaa Preserved_Specimen Cantori, M. Oahu BISH 1958-10-04
60 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mountains: Kaluaa Preserved_Specimen Cantori, M. Oahu BISH 1958-10-04
61 Anatherum virginicum Kohala Mountains Growing thickly on cliffs on the sides of valleys. Preserved_Specimen A tall grass growing in bunches with tall seed stems. Munro, G.C. Hawaii BISH 1937-02-01
62 Anatherum virginicum Koloa, Wahiawa Mts., S of Kapalaoa, along main stream Metrosideros polymorpha, M. waialealae, Antidesma platyphyllum, Psychotria, Scaevola, Dicranopteris linearis, Paspalum conjugatum, Sacciolepis, Melastoma candidum, Psidium cattleianum. Andropogon glomeratus Preserved_Specimen bunch grass, culms to 1.2 m tall, internodes purple, blade and sheaths grayish green Lorence, D.H. 8384 Kauai BISH 1998-09-08
63 Anatherum virginicum Hauula Forest Reserve, Maakua-Papali Ridge Common in old pineapple field. Planted or established. Preserved_Specimen In tufts 2 dm. diam. St.John, H. 18401 Oahu BISH 1937-10-31
64 Anatherum virginicum Kula, Haleakala Ranch at 5th switchback after entering the pasturelands Growing from roadcut from exposed rock along with in kikuyu plasture Preserved_Specimen Uncommon in this area, c.a 50 plants. Becoming more common at lower elevations. This is the highest elevation that this species was observed on Maui Faccenda, K. 2815 Maui BISH 2022-10-27
65 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea; Kilauea Military Camp Small colony in open, dry, hard, disturbed ground around establishment, compact ash soil. Preserved_Specimen Caespitose, erect. Fosberg, F.R. 33293 Hawaii BISH 1951-02-12
66 Anatherum virginicum Haiku, Uakoko Pl Roadside bank, rather sunny area with shallow soil Preserved_Specimen Locally common, over 50 plants in area but otherwise uncommon in area. However, this grass was widespread on the road to Hana but was not collected there Faccenda, K. 2786 Maui BISH 2022-10-24
67 Anatherum virginicum Kiolakaa-Keaa Homestead Addition, Kau Forest Reserve, Kau District In open Metrosideros forest with Dicranopteris linearis ground cover. Preserved_Specimen Common grass 4 1/2 to 5' tall. Hairs of inflorescence white. Cuddihy, L.W. 520 Hawaii BISH 1980-08-13
68 Anatherum virginicum Along Stainback Highway 2 miles above junction with Volcano Highway Common roadside weed Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 4060 Hawaii BISH 1974-08-12
69 Anatherum virginicum 28.5 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. & ca. 0.25 miles up Royal estates Rd., not far from HVPN boundry (Plot 27) Mixed lowland scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 127 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-20
70 Anatherum virginicum Mt. Olympus summit Moist trailside Preserved_Specimen Frequent along trail Faccenda, K. 2115 Oahu BISH 2021-09-11
71 Anatherum virginicum 9.8 miles down Hilina Pali Rd. towards ocean from intersection with Chain of Craters Rd. & 2.6 miles past Kipuka Nene. (Plot 3) Open Metrosideros scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 2 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 304 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-05
72 Anatherum virginicum 12.9 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. (Plot 5) Metrosideros-Diospyros mixed forest with patchy stands of Aleurites on aa lava. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 482 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-20
73 Anatherum virginicum 14.8 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. (Plot 33) Metrosideros-Diospyros-Andropogon savanna community Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 2 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 861 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-25
74 Anatherum virginicum 4.1 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. and ca. 2.1 miles up Escape Rd. (with cable across entrance). (Plot 49) Metrosideros-Sadleria-Dicanopteris forest community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 2 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 394 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-12
75 Anatherum virginicum Kapalama Valley Var. in Georgia, Florida, Carolina, Alabama, to Mississippi Preserved_Specimen Plant to 130 cm high, panicle to 75 cm long Brown, F.B.H. 1279 Oahu BISH 1925-12-14
76 Anatherum virginicum 11.9 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. (Plot 6) Metrosideros-native shrub- Andropogon savanna community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 830 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-23
77 Anatherum virginicum Ridge between Pia Valley and Kuli'ou'ou (closer to Pia valley). Along trail Dry sunny area at low elevations Preserved_Specimen Common along trail Faccenda, K. 2129 Oahu BISH 2021-10-23
78 Anatherum virginicum Opaeula. Ahupuaa of Kawailoa Growing in open spot for helicopter landing zone along ridge crest. Only 3 plants seen and were eradicated. Also growing with Axonopus fissifolius, Stachytarpheta urticifolia, Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Alyxia stellata, Odontosoria chinensis, and others. Preserved_Specimen Thomas, M.K. 754 Oahu BISH 2024-09-26
79 Anatherum virginicum S Ridge of Kipapa Gulch, Waipio, Koolau Range Recently introduced, but now a dominant grass Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 1030 Oahu BISH 1947-10-05
80 Anatherum virginicum Koloa Distr. Lihue-Koloa forest reserve; Wahiawa Mtns S. of Kapalaoa, along main Wahiawa Stream Wet forest and low shrubland with Metrosideros polymorpha, M. waialealae, Antidesma platyphylla, Psychotria spp., Scaevola spp., Dicranopteris linearis, invaded by Paspalum conjugatum, Sacciolepis, Melastoma candidum, Psidium cattleianum, and incipient Andropogon glomeratus populations. Preserved_Specimen Bunch grass, culms to 1.2 m tall, intrnodes purple, blade and sheaths grayish green. Hightly invasive exotic grass froming dense stands, new to Wahiawa area. Lorence, D.H. 8384 Kauai BISH 1998-09-08
81 Anatherum virginicum Nuuanu Valley, near upper reservoir Common on grassy earth embankment along road Preserved_Specimen Erect Fosberg, F.R. 27086 Oahu BISH 1946-09-22
82 Anatherum virginicum 28.5 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. & ca. 0.25 miles up Royal estates Rd., not far from HVPN boundry (Plot 27) Mixed lowland scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 126 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-20
83 Anatherum virginicum Lower Reservoir, off of Forest Road from Kalamaula. Mesic Eucalyptus forest. Growing throughout dry to mesic forest as a weed. Preserved_Specimen Common erect grass growing in clumps, 1.1 m high. Stems yellow, leaves basal. Inflorescence comes from middle of upper nodes and can appear to seed inside the stem. Hughes, G.D. 26 Molokai BISH 1992-02-26
84 Anatherum virginicum Waimea District. Bogs at headwaters of Waikoali Stream, West Alakai Wilderness Preserve. Kauai Ohia/ Kuolohia/ Orebolus (Metrosideros polymorhpa/ Rhynchospora chinensis subsp. spiciformis/ Oreobolus furcatus) Mixed Bog Carex montis-eeka, Rhynchospora chinensis subsp. spiciformis, Oreobolus furcatus, Metrosideros polymorpha var. pumila, Wikstroemia oahuensis var. palustris, Cibotium, Dichanthelium, Drosera anglica, A Preserved_Specimen Occasional in flat open areas, scattered through bog, with erect culms, ~ 1m tall, appearing mostly bare and dead, dried light tan, with shorter blue new leaves mixed in sprouting from base. Although the flowers and seed have fallen off, the distinctive upright habit, thin wispy culms, and leaf color seem like a good Williams, A. 813 Kauai BISH 2023-08-24
85 Anatherum virginicum Kamali 3 miles S of Pahoa Very common on broken lava in open, near steam vents. Preserved_Specimen Caespitose, very erect Fosberg, F.R. 38651 Hawaii BISH 1956-09-20
86 Anatherum virginicum 9.8 miles down Hilina Pali Rd. towards ocean from intersection with Chain of Craters Rd. & 2.6 miles past Kipuka Nene. (Plot 3) Open Metrosideros scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 305 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-05
87 Anatherum virginicum Koolau Range, Kahuku-Pupukea Army Rd Native forest Preserved_Specimen Grass by road, 4 ft. high Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1956-10-07
88 Anatherum virginicum Kalaupapa, upper Waihanau, W ridge above Kapuna springs open canopy mixed native/non-native shrubs with Andropogon virginicus, Metrosideros waialealae, Metrosideros polymorpha, Wikstroemia oahuensis, Psidium cattleianum, Dicranopteris linearis Preserved_Specimen Wysong, M.L. 849 Molokai BISH 2005-12-08
89 Anatherum virginicum North Kohala Kehena Occasional in open moist pasture Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1591 Hawaii BISH 1936-09-10
90 Anatherum virginicum Kohala Mountains Growing thickly on cliffs on the sides of valleys. Preserved_Specimen A tall grass growing in bunches with tall seed stems. Munro, G.C. Hawaii BISH 1937-02-01
91 Anatherum virginicum Keahou Ranch, Kau district, Hawaii, beside Puu Oo road Growing on lichen covered a'a substrate beside Pu'u O'o road, near Metrosideros forest with native shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass about 2 ft tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 104 Hawaii BISH 1980-01-08
92 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mts., Palikea, Mauna Kapu all along trail Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 170 Oahu BISH 1966-07-29
93 Anatherum virginicum Kapalama Valley Introduced about 20 years ago in Hawaiian Islands Preserved_Specimen Plant to 130 cm high, panicle to 75 cm long Brown, F.B.H. 1279 Oahu BISH 1925-12-14
94 Anatherum virginicum Kapalama Valley Introduced in Hawaiian Islands Preserved_Specimen Plant to 130 cm high, panicle to 75 cm long Brown, F.B.H. 1279 Oahu BISH 1925-12-14
95 Anatherum virginicum 4.1 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. and ca. 2.1 miles up Escape Rd. (with cable across entrance). (Plot 49) Metrosideros-Sadleria-Dicanopteris forest community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 3 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 383 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-12
96 Anatherum virginicum Kohala Wayside grass and open field Preserved_Specimen Height of plant 1/3 m Lee, H.A. 65 Hawaii BISH 1924-09-15
97 Anatherum virginicum Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, beside Puu oo road Growing on lichen covered `a`a substrate beside road near Metrosideros forest with native shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass about 2 feet tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 103 Hawaii BISH 1980-01-08
98 Anatherum virginicum W Maui, Lahaina District, W of Honolua Valley, N of Pua Kaeo Growing in a pasture. Exceedingly abundant. Preserved_Specimen Grass. Oppenheimer, H.L. 99804 Maui BISH 1998-09-23
99 Anatherum virginicum Site 08 OS, Olaa, Olaa Forest Reserve Ohia-treefern dieback. Primary vegetation: Metrosideros polymorpha, Coprosma spp., Ilex anomala, Gouldia sp., Cheirodendron trigynum, Psychotria hawaiiensis, Psidium cattleianum, Pritchardia sp. Soils are a deep, moderately well drained ash over an unknown substrate. Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1988-01-01
100 Anatherum virginicum Hawaii Volcanoes Natl. Park About 9 mi down Chain of Craters Rd. toward Kalapana from inter. with Crater Rim Road. Walk up Old Kalapana Trail about 0.3 mi A tree with 2 smaller sticks propped against it (landmark), is located N. of trail Metrosideros - native shrub - Andropogon transition community Preserved_Specimen Grass about 2 feet tall Newell, C.L. 583 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-24
101 Anatherum virginicum Ca.5.4 miles up Kulani Prison Rd. from intersection with Kona-Hilo Hwy. near Hilo. (Plot 36) Cibotium forest with scattered old Metrosideros. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 3 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 899 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-25
102 Anatherum virginicum Lihue Districe. Wahiawa, ridge and side drainage northeast of Hulua. Metrosideros-Dicranopteris low statured wet forest. W/Machaerina angustifolia, Gahnia beecyeyi, Cheirondendron platyphylla, Psychotria mariniana, Dubautia laxa, Broussaisia agruta, Syzgium sandwicensis, Melicope feddei, Sphenomeris chinensis, Sadleria Preserved_Specimen significant invasive grass mostly covering flats near stream, with A. glomeratus and invasive shrub Clidemia hirta. Wood, K.R. 14353 Kauai BISH 2010-10-14
103 Anatherum virginicum Kipapa. Ahupuaa of Waipio. Central Koolau Mountiains. Growing along exposed open ridge with Pritchardia kahukuensis. Also growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Miconia crenata, Dianella sandwicensis, Psidium cattleianum, Odontosoria chinensis, and others. Preserved_Specimen Thousands of plants invading erosion scar. Thomas, M.K. 886 Oahu BISH 2024-10-24
104 Anatherum virginicum Keahou Ranch, Kau district, Hawaii, growing alone Powerline trail Growing alongside Powerline trail in a'a substrate. Habitat: open Metrosideros scrub. Preserved_Specimen Bunchgrass 1.5-2.0 ft tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 167 Hawaii BISH 1980-01-30
105 Anatherum virginicum Kalihi Herb. Introduced; Nat. of Florida, Georgia, Carolina, Alabama to Mississippi Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. 28 Oahu BISH 1925-11-05
106 Anatherum virginicum Lanaihale, southern part. Edge of dirt road, sunny, dry. Preserved_Specimen Common along road at higher elevations and going into moister areas. Some plants were seen with old flowers, but none were seen with fresh flowers. Hundreds of plants seen along road. Faccenda, K. 3210 Lanai BISH 2023-06-23
107 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea Volcano House Dooryard Preserved_Specimen Growing in clumps, 0.5-0.66 m. high; blades red-tinged Lee, H.A. 261 Hawaii BISH 1925-10-27
108 Anatherum virginicum Hawaii Volcanoes Natl. Park Drive up Kulani Road (toward prison) 5.4 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Hiway near Hilo. Plant was about 20 m north (left side) into the jungle. (Plot 36) Cibotium forest with scattered old Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Grass about 3 feet tall Newell, C.L. 900 Hawaii BISH 1967-01-25
109 Anatherum virginicum 4.9 miles down Hilina Pali Rd. & 3.5 miles down the Footprints Trail heading west towards Mauna Loa. Plant ca. 50 m west (below) the great fault pali. (Plot 59) Extremely sparse desert community of shifting sand dunes. Plant in area with old pahoehoe lava covered by shifting black ash. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 6 tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 741 Hawaii BISH 1966-09-02
110 Anatherum virginicum Kiolakaa-Keaa Homesteads Addition, Kau Forest Reserve, Kau District Common grass in open Metrosideros forest with Dicranopteris linearis ground cover. Preserved_Specimen Common grass 4.5-5.0 ft tall. Hairs of inflorescence white. Cuddihy, L.W. 519 Hawaii BISH 1980-08-13
111 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mountains, Peacock flat Growing along roadside in dry forest area Preserved_Specimen Clumby perenial grass to 0.3 meters. Leaves to 20 cm long w/long hairs along inner surface. Flowering heads white. Spence, G. 210 Oahu BISH 1973-09-06
112 Anatherum virginicum Hawaii Volcanoes Natl. Park Down Kona-Hilo Hiway 4 miles past Hongo Store towards Hilo. Turn right onto Fern Estates Rd. Plant was about 200 m down Fern Estates Rd., on right side (plot 55) Metrosideros - Dicranopteris - Andropogon scrub forest community Preserved_Specimen Grass about 3 feet tall Newell, C.L. 673 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-31
113 Anatherum virginicum ahupuaa of Halepuaa Forest Reserve in the Puna District Found growing on the side of the old railroad in full sun. Preserved_Specimen ESP Field Crew Hawaii BISH 1979-08-15
114 Anatherum virginicum KAUAI Hanalei District. Princeville side of Powerline Trail near pole #T149, Halelea Forest Reserve, Kaiau on Powerline road in Wet Ohia Forest Nephrolepis brownii, Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus, Paspalum conjugatum, Xyris complanata, Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha var. glaberrima, Pritchrdia waialealae Preserved_Specimen Slender grasses up to 1.5 m tall, with small few-flowered inflorescenses at noces along red culms. Growing sympatrically with much larger A. A. bicornis (AMW765) on Powerline road, but A. virginicus persisting along narrow footpath that winds through thicket of A. bicornis dominating former roadway Williams, A.M. 764 Kauai BISH 2022-10-21
115 Anatherum virginicum Tantalus, trail side Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1945-09-01
116 Anatherum virginicum Holei Pali Near old Kalapana Trail above Holei Pali Preserved_Specimen Smith, C.W. 0.159 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-03
117 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea Volcano Floor of crater near Halemaumau Preserved_Specimen Small clump, very erect Fosberg, F.R. 39312 Hawaii BISH 1958-01-06
118 Anatherum virginicum Kipapa Gulch Trail Just above parking area Open field Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. 72 Oahu BISH 1946-09-29
119 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea Volcano Floor of crater near Halemaumau Preserved_Specimen Small clump, very erect Fosberg, F.R. 39312 Hawaii BISH 1958-01-06
120 Anatherum virginicum Holei Pali Near old Kalapana Trail above Holei Pali Preserved_Specimen Smith, C.W. 0.161 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-03
121 Anatherum virginicum Maunawili Preserved_Specimen 4' tall. Tam, G. Oahu BISH 1995-09-28
122 Anatherum virginicum Trail thru Halawa Quarry to Divide Preserved_Specimen Grass Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1945-09-09
123 Anatherum virginicum Ditch trail back of Waimano Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4427 Oahu BISH 1936-08-20
124 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea, NE Ledge Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 611226045 Hawaii BISH 1961-12-26
125 Anatherum virginicum Kuli'ou'ou West Ridge, along trail Dry areas, full sun Preserved_Specimen Dominant along trail Faccenda, K. 2125 Oahu BISH 2021-10-02
126 Anatherum virginicum Honolulu, Back of Kamehameha Girls School Preserved_Specimen Robert lyman Oahu BISH 1938-09-02
127 Anatherum virginicum Honolulu; Manoa Arboretum, Carter Road Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. Oahu BISH 1932-09-28
128 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mountains: Kaluaa Preserved_Specimen Cantori, M. Oahu BISH 1958-10-04
129 Anatherum virginicum Waianae Mountains: Kaluaa Preserved_Specimen Cantori, M. Oahu BISH 1958-10-04
130 Anatherum virginicum Kohala Mountains Growing thickly on cliffs on the sides of valleys. Preserved_Specimen A tall grass growing in bunches with tall seed stems. Munro, G.C. Hawaii BISH 1937-02-01
131 Anatherum virginicum Koloa, Wahiawa Mts., S of Kapalaoa, along main stream Metrosideros polymorpha, M. waialealae, Antidesma platyphyllum, Psychotria, Scaevola, Dicranopteris linearis, Paspalum conjugatum, Sacciolepis, Melastoma candidum, Psidium cattleianum. Andropogon glomeratus Preserved_Specimen bunch grass, culms to 1.2 m tall, internodes purple, blade and sheaths grayish green Lorence, D.H. 8384 Kauai BISH 1998-09-08
132 Anatherum virginicum Hauula Forest Reserve, Maakua-Papali Ridge Common in old pineapple field. Planted or established. Preserved_Specimen In tufts 2 dm. diam. St.John, H. 18401 Oahu BISH 1937-10-31
133 Anatherum virginicum Kula, Haleakala Ranch at 5th switchback after entering the pasturelands Growing from roadcut from exposed rock along with in kikuyu plasture Preserved_Specimen Uncommon in this area, c.a 50 plants. Becoming more common at lower elevations. This is the highest elevation that this species was observed on Maui Faccenda, K. 2815 Maui BISH 2022-10-27
134 Anatherum virginicum Kilauea; Kilauea Military Camp Small colony in open, dry, hard, disturbed ground around establishment, compact ash soil. Preserved_Specimen Caespitose, erect. Fosberg, F.R. 33293 Hawaii BISH 1951-02-12
135 Anatherum virginicum Haiku, Uakoko Pl Roadside bank, rather sunny area with shallow soil Preserved_Specimen Locally common, over 50 plants in area but otherwise uncommon in area. However, this grass was widespread on the road to Hana but was not collected there Faccenda, K. 2786 Maui BISH 2022-10-24
136 Anatherum virginicum Kiolakaa-Keaa Homestead Addition, Kau Forest Reserve, Kau District In open Metrosideros forest with Dicranopteris linearis ground cover. Preserved_Specimen Common grass 4 1/2 to 5' tall. Hairs of inflorescence white. Cuddihy, L.W. 520 Hawaii BISH 1980-08-13
137 Anatherum virginicum Along Stainback Highway 2 miles above junction with Volcano Highway Common roadside weed Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 4060 Hawaii BISH 1974-08-12
138 Anatherum virginicum 28.5 miles down Chain of Craters Rd. towards Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Rd. & ca. 0.25 miles up Royal estates Rd., not far from HVPN boundry (Plot 27) Mixed lowland scrub community. Preserved_Specimen Grass ca. 1 ft tall. Sterile. Newell, C.L. 127 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-20
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